Supervised exercise with or without laser-guided feedback for people with non-specific chronic low back pain. A randomized controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Among the most effective therapeutic interventions in non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP), clinical practice guidelines highlight exercise therapy and patient education; However, regarding the combined intervention of exercise and Pain Neuroscience Education (PNE), there is no consensus on the most effective form of exercise. OBJETIVE: To find out what changes occurred after the application of two exercise modalities [Supervised Exercise (SE) and Laser-Guided Exercise (LGE)] and PNE on pain, pain pressure thresholds, disability, catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and lumbar proprioception in subjects with NSCLBP. METHODS: Single-blind randomized clinical controlled trial. 60 subjects with NSCLBP. Both groups performed a a total of 16 therapeutic exercise sessions and 8 Pain Neuroscience Education sessions. With the Laser-Guided Exercise Therapy group performing laser-guided exercises. RESULTS: A significant decrease was observed for pain intensity for both groups between baseline and post-intervention and the 3 month follow-up (p < 0.001). There was a significant between-group difference between baseline and post-intervention scores in terms of pain intensity and kinesiophobia in favour of the LGE group. CONCLUSION: Supervised exercise with or without laser feedback, when combined with PNE, reduces pain intensity, disability, pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and improves proprioception and PPTs in patients with NSCLBP. At a 3-month follow-up, the combination of LGE plus PNE is most effective for reducing pain intensity.

Analysis of heart rate variability during emergency flight simulator missions in fighter pilots.

INTRODUCTION: Managing emergency situations in different simulated flight segments can entail a workload that could affect the performance of military pilots. The aim was to analyse the modifications in neurovegetative balance (using HR variability, HRV) of professional fighter pilots attending learning/training sessions on emergency situations in a flight simulator. METHODS: A total of 18 pilots from the Spanish Air and Space Force were included. HRV was recorded simultaneously during diverse simulated emergency situations in three different flight segments: take-off, in-flight and landing. RESULTS: The comparison between take-off and in-flight revealed a statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in percentage of consecutive RR intervals that differ by more than 50 ms from each other (pNN50), root mean square of the successive differences (rMSSD), standard desviation 1 and 2 (SD1 and SD2), and a statistically significant decrease (p<0.000) in stress score (SS) and in the sympathetic to parasympathetic ratio (S:PS). Between flight and landing, a statistically significant increase (p<0.05) in mean HR, minimum HR, maximum HR, SS and S:PS was shown, while experiencing a significant decrease (p<0.000) in pNN50, rMSSD and SD2. Finally, between take-off and landing, the variables which showed significant changes (p<0.05), with these changes being a significant increase, were mean HR, minimum HR, maximum HR, rMSSD, SD1 and SD2. SS and S:PS ratios showed a statistically significant decrease (p<0.000). CONCLUSIONS: An emergency situation in a flight simulator manoeuvre produced an anticipatory anxiety response in pilots, demonstrated by low HRV, which increased during the flight segment and decreased during the landing segment of the flight.Trial registration number NCT04487899.

Monopolar dielectric diathermy by emission of radiofrequency in Patellofemoral pain. A single-blind-randomized clinical trial.

Despite the high incidence of patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS), few studies show the effects of radiofrequency on pain and functionality in these patients. For this reason, the aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of monopolar dielectric diathermy by emission of radiofrequency (MDR) in dynamic applications aimed at treating pain and improving function in patients with PFPS. For this purpose, a single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted. Eighty-four participants with PFPS were evenly divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). All subjects receive 10 min of daily home exercises along 3 weeks, and in addition, the subjects of the EG received 10 sessions based on the dynamic application of MDR. Variables measured included Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), DN4 questionnaire, Lower Extremity Functionality Scale (LEFS), Kujala scale, Range of Movement (ROM) in knee flexion and extension and drug intake. The EG showed a statistically significant reduction in pain (VAS = 4.8 [5.5-4.1] [p < .001]; DN4 = 3.8 [4.4-3.2] [p < .001]), and an increase in functionality (LEFS = 16 [19-13] [p < .001]; Kujala = 19 [23-14] [p < .001]) and in ROM (flexion 18º [21º-16º] [p < .001]). No statistically significant changes in drug intake were found. Based on this data, the dynamic application of MDR seems effective in reducing pain and increasing functionality and flexion in patients with PFPS. Diathermy by emission of radiofrequency could be recommended as complement or main therapy in the treatment of PFPS.

Eficacia de la estimulación magnética transcraneal de baja intensidad en mujeres diagnosticadas de fibromialgia. Un estudio piloto / Effectiveness of low intensity transcranial magnetic stimulation in women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. A pilot study

Antecedentes: La estimulación magnética transcraneal repetitiva a muy baja intensidad constituye una técnica que ha demostrado efectos beneficiosos, sin embargo, son limitados los estudios que analizan los efectos clínicos en mujeres diagnosticadas de fibromialgia. Material y métodos: Estudio de casos, de carácter prospectivo. Se aplicaron campos magnéticos pulsátiles (frecuencia 8Hz, intensidad 545μA) durante 8 sesiones de 20 min, una sesión/semana durante 8 semanas. Se evaluó el umbral de dolor percibido a la presión, los niveles de ansiedad y depresión y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud antes y después del tratamiento. Resultados: Se observó un impacto positivo respecto al umbral del dolor (diferencia media 4,7 kg/cm2; p = 0,001), para los niveles de ansiedad (diferencia media 8; p = 0,001), depresión (diferencia media 8,4; p = 0,007) y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (diferencia media 21,92; p = 0,004). Conclusión: La estimulación magnética transcraneal repetitiva a muy baja intensidad podría constituir un aliado terapéutico como estrategia de abordaje bottom-down en mujeres con fibromialgia

Background: Although repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation at very low intensity is a technique that has shown beneficial effects, there are few studies that analyse the clinical efficacy in women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Material and methods: Prospective case study. Pulsed magnetic fields were applied (frequency 8Hz, intensity 545μA) in 8 sessions of 20min, at one session/week for 8 weeks. The perceived pain threshold was evaluated by algometry, the levels of anxiety and depression, and the health-related quality of life, before and after the treatment. Results: A positive impact was observed with respect to the pain threshold (mean difference 4.7 kg/cm2; P = .001), for anxiety levels (mean difference 8; P = .001), depression (mean difference 8.4; P = .007) and health-related quality of life (mean difference 21.92; P = .004). Conclusion: The repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation at very low intensity could constitute a therapeutic strategy of bottom-down approach in women with fibromyalgia

Efectividad de la educación basada en neurociencia en el abordaje del dolor crónico musculoesquelético / Effectiveness of education based on neuroscience in the treatment of musculoskeletal chronic pain

Introducción. El dolor crónico constituye uno de los problemas sanitarios, económicos y sociales más frecuentes. Ante esto, se han descrito numerosos enfoques en el abordaje, y destaca en la actualidad la educación basada en la neurociencia del dolor. Objetivo. Determinar la efectividad de este abordaje y conocer el impacto de aspectos específicos referentes a su aplicación. Materiales y métodos. Se incluyeron estudios relevantes que cumplieran los criterios seleccionados, identificados en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, y publicados desde el año 2000 hasta 2015. La calidad metodológica y el grado de recomendación se evaluaron mediante las escalas PEDro y SIGN. Resultados. Se incluyeron 10 estudios en la revisión sistemática. Las variables medidas fueron dolor, discapacidad, conocimiento sobre la neurofisiología del dolor, creencias y cogniciones, miedo-evitación, cinesiofobia, calidad de vida y algometría. Los resultados sugieren que la educación basada en neurociencia del dolor resulta eficaz a corto plazo y medio/largo plazo para aliviar el dolor, ya sea aplicada sola o combinada con tratamiento multimodal. También resultó eficaz en la normalización de cogniciones sobre el dolor, las creencias de miedo-evitación y el autocuidado. Conclusión. A pesar de la eficacia a corto y medio/largo plazo, la heterogeneidad en los aspectos técnicos empleados no permite la obtención de resultados concluyentes (AU)

Introduction. Chronic pain is one of the most frequent health, economic and social problems. Given this, numerous approaches have been described, one of which is pain neuroscience education. Aim. To examine the effectiveness of pain neuroscience education in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders with chronic pain and to explore the impact of specific aspects of the technique on its effectiveness. Material and methods. Relevant studies published between 2000 and 2015 were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Studies identified by electronic searches were screened against a set of pre-defined inclusion criteria. PEDro and SIGN scales were used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies. Results. Ten studies were included in this systematic review. The main outcomes that were measured were pain, disability, neurophysiology pain test, attitudes and beliefs, fear-avoidance beliefs, self-care, kinesiophobia, quality of life and algometry. The results suggest that pain neuroscience education is effective in the short term and medium/long term for pain relief, either alone or combined with multimodal treatment. It was also effective in normalizing cognitions about pain, fearavoidance beliefs, and self-care. Conclusion. Despite some evidence for a positive effect in the short and medium/long term, the heterogeneity in the technical aspects used does not allow the obtaining of conclusive results (AU)

[Effectiveness of education based on neuroscience in the treatment of musculoskeletal chronic pain]. / Efectividad de la educacion basada en neurociencia en el abordaje del dolor cronico musculoesqueletico.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic pain is one of the most frequent health, economic and social problems. Given this, numerous approaches have been described, one of which is pain neuroscience education. AIM: To examine the effectiveness of pain neuroscience education in the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders with chronic pain and to explore the impact of specific aspects of the technique on its effectiveness. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Relevant studies published between 2000 and 2015 were identified by searching PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. Studies identified by electronic searches were screened against a set of pre-defined inclusion criteria. PEDro and SIGN scales were used to evaluate the methodological quality of the included studies. RESULTS: Ten studies were included in this systematic review. The main outcomes that were measured were pain, disability, neurophysiology pain test, attitudes and beliefs, fear-avoidance beliefs, self-care, kinesiophobia, quality of life and algometry. The results suggest that pain neuroscience education is effective in the short term and medium/long term for pain relief, either alone or combined with multimodal treatment. It was also effective in normalizing cognitions about pain, fear-avoidance beliefs, and self-care. CONCLUSION: Despite some evidence for a positive effect in the short and medium/long term, the heterogeneity in the technical aspects used does not allow the obtaining of conclusive results.

TITLE: Efectividad de la educacion basada en neurociencia en el abordaje del dolor cronico musculoesqueletico.Introduccion. El dolor cronico constituye uno de los problemas sanitarios, economicos y sociales mas frecuentes. Ante esto, se han descrito numerosos enfoques en el abordaje, y destaca en la actualidad la educacion basada en la neurociencia del dolor. Objetivo. Determinar la efectividad de este abordaje y conocer el impacto de aspectos especificos referentes a su aplicacion. Materiales y metodos. Se incluyeron estudios relevantes que cumplieran los criterios seleccionados, identificados en las bases de datos PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, y publicados desde el año 2000 hasta 2015. La calidad metodologica y el grado de recomendacion se evaluaron mediante las escalas PEDro y SIGN. Resultados. Se incluyeron 10 estudios en la revision sistematica. Las variables medidas fueron dolor, discapacidad, conocimiento sobre la neurofisiologia del dolor, creencias y cogniciones, miedo-evitacion, cinesiofobia, calidad de vida y algometria. Los resultados sugieren que la educacion basada en neurociencia del dolor resulta eficaz a corto plazo y medio/largo plazo para aliviar el dolor, ya sea aplicada sola o combinada con tratamiento multimodal. Tambien resulto eficaz en la normalizacion de cogniciones sobre el dolor, las creencias de miedo-evitacion y el autocuidado. Conclusion. A pesar de la eficacia a corto y medio/largo plazo, la heterogeneidad en los aspectos tecnicos empleados no permite la obtencion de resultados concluyentes.

Efecto inmediato del vendaje Dynamic Tape® sobre la torsión tibial externa con dolor en un futbolista / Efeito imediato da bandagem Dynamic Tape® sobre entorse tibial externa com dor em um jogador de futebol. Estudo de caso / Immediate effect of Dynamic Tape® on external torsión tibial clinically painful in a football player. A case report

El objetivo de estudio fue evaluar el efecto inmediato del vendaje Dynamic Tape® sobre la torsión tibial externa con dolor en un futbolista y las propiedades contráctiles de los músculos superficiales implicados. Se evaluó un futbolista que presentó torsión tibial externa con sintomatología dolorosa en la extremidad inferior derecha. Se midió el ángulo muslo-pie y las propiedades contráctiles de la musculatura superficial mediante tensiomiografía en ambas extremidades inferiores y el dolor percibido. Se aplicó el vendaje Dynamic Tape® durante 10 días y se volvió a medir. Se observó una reducción del ángulo muslo-pie de la extremidad inferior derecha y del dolor en un 55%. La musculatura con mayor tensión experimentó una reducción de la activación muscular mientras que la musculatura debilitada aumentó su activación muscular. Como conclusión, en el caso estudiado, el Dynamic Tape® puede considerarse una herramienta terapéutica complementaria muy efectiva para reducir la torsión tibial externa con dolor (AU)

O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito imediato da bandagem Dynamic Tape® sobre a entorse tibial externa, com dor, em um jogador de futebol e as propriedades contráteis dos músculos superficiais envolvidos. Foi avaliado um jogador de futebol que apresentou entorse tibial externa com sintomatologia dolorosa no membro inferior direito. Foi medido o ângulo coxa-pé e as propriedades contráteis da superfície do músculo via Tensiomiografia em ambos membros inferiores e a dor percebida. A bandagem Dynamic Tape® foi aplicada por 10 dias e foi objeto de nova medição. Observou-se uma redução do ângulo coxa-pé do membro inferior direito e da dor em 55%. A musculatura com maior tensão experimentou uma redução da ativação muscular, enquanto o os músculos enfraquecidos aumentaram a ativação muscular. Em conclusão, no caso estudado, o Dynamic Tape® pode ser considerado uma ferramenta terapêutica complementar muito eficaz para reduzir a torção tibial externa com dor (AU)

The aim of the study was to evaluate the immediate effect of Dynamic Tape® bandage on the external tibial torsion, clinically painful, and the contractile properties of the superficial muscles involved in a soccer player. The subject presented external tibial torsion with painful symptoms in the right lower extremity. Thigh-foot angle and the contractile properties of the superficial musculature by tensiomyography in both legs and perceived pain were measured. Dynamic Tape® bandage was applied for 10 days. A decrease in the thigh-foot angle of the right lower extremity and a 55% reduction in pain knee was observed. The stressed muscle showed a reduction of muscle activation while the weakened muscles increased muscle activation. In conclusion, in the case studied, the Dynamic Tape® can be considered a very effective complementary therapeutic tool to reduce external tibial torsion, clinically painful (AU)

Revisión sistemática sobre los efectos del vendaje funcional en el síndrome de dolor femoropatelar / A systematic review on the effects of patellar taping on patellofemoral pain syndrome

Objetivo: Conocer el nivel de evidencia y los grados de recomendación en relación con el vendaje funcional y su eficacia sobre el síndrome de dolor femoropatelar (SDFP). Búsqueda y selección de estudios: Búsqueda sistemática en las bases de datos PUBMED, Cochrane Library, PEDro, Dialnet y CSIC de los ensayos clínicos realizados en humanos, publicados en español e inglés entre 2000 y 2014. Los términos de búsqueda incluyeron la combinación de las palabras clave «síndrome de dolor femoropatelar», «vendaje funcional», y «fisioterapia». Resultados: De los 263 artículos localizados, 15 estudios se seleccionaron tras aplicar los criterios de inclusión. La mayoría de los estudios analizados mostraron beneficios clínicos respecto a la reducción del dolor después del tratamiento con vendaje funcional. Conclusiones: Los resultados indican que el vendaje funcional resulta efectivo en el tratamiento del dolor del SDFP pero son necesarias más investigaciones para confirmar sus beneficios sobre la actividad muscular y la propiocepción

Objective: To know the level of evidence and degrees of recommendation regarding functional taping and its effectiveness in patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS). Search strategy: A search in the literature was done in the scientific databases PUBMED, Cochrane Library, PEDro, Dialnet and CSIC of clinical trials published between 2000 and 2014 with human participants written in English or Spanish. The search terms were patellofemoral pain syndrome, chondromalacia patellae, patellar tape, athletic tape, rehabilitation, physical therapy and physiotherapy. Results: Fifteen out of the 263 studies found were included based on the inclusion criteria. Most of the studies analyzed showed clinical benefits regarding pain reduction after treatment with functional taping. Conclusions: The results indicate that functional taping is effective in the treatment of PFPS pain, however more research is needed to confirm its benefits on muscular activity and proprioception

A comparison of acute effects between Kinesio tape and electrical muscle elongation in hamstring extensibility.

BACKGROUND: To improve hamstring extensibility some methods have been analyzed and compared for determining their acute and chronic effectiveness. OBJECTIVE: To compare the immediate effect of electrical muscle elongation (EME) versus Kinesio tape (KT) in hamstring muscle extensibility. METHODS: One hundred and twenty adult amateur athletes with hamstring shortness (straight leg raise test angle <80◦) were randomly assigned to a group: group 1 (EME session of 4 KHz interferential current, bipolar technique and AMF = 100 Hz, n = 40), group 2 (KT, n = 40) or group 3 (control group, no intervention, n = 40). Hamstring extensibility was assessed before and after the intervention through the active knee extension test. Results: Significant improvements were found in both EME and KT groups whereas no changes were detected in the control group. However, no significant differences between both techniques were detected. The EME group showed large effect size (d = 0.843) while the KT group reached medium effect size (d = 0.431). CONCLUSIONS: Both electrical muscle elongation and Kinesio tape are effective techniques in the short-term in amateur athletes with decreased hamstring extensibility. The higher increase of hamstring extensibility, with a better clinical effect was achieved with the application of electrical muscle elongation. However, no significant differences were found when comparing the effectiveness of both techniques.

Efectos sobre la tensión neural adversa medida mediante test de Slump tras punción seca de punto gatillo miofascial del músculo gastrocnemio / Effects on adverse neural tension by slump test after dry needling of myofascial trigger point of the gastrocnemius muscle

Objetivo: Conocer el efecto de la punción seca (PS) en puntos gatillo miofasciales (PGM) del músculo gastrocnemio sobre la tensión neural adversa (TNA) y el dolor percibido. Material y métodos: Cincuenta adultos se prestaron al estudio. Tras aplicar criterios de inclusión y exclusión, obtuvimos una muestra final de 45. Fueron asignados aleatoriamente al grupo 1 o experimental (n = 23, edad media: 22,41 ± 1,53) y al grupo 2 o control (n = 22, edad media: 21,15 ± 1,34). Una vez localizado y confirmado el PGM por el evaluador ciego, se aplicó la técnica de PS profunda. Para el grupo 2 se utilizó la misma aguja, diferenciándose en la capacidad de retracción de la misma, sin llegar a perforar la piel. La TNA fue valorada mediante el test neurodinámico de Slump y el dolor percibido mediante escala visual analógica (EVA) justo antes (pretest) y en 2 momentos posteriores (inmediato y a 48 h). Los datos fueron tratados con el paquete estadístico SPSS versión 19.0. Resultados: Se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05) en el grupo 1 entre pretest y postest inmediato y entre postest inmediato y tardío (48 h) para la variable TNA. El dolor percibido mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el pretest y los 2 momentos de valoración posterior (p < 0,001), mientras el grupo 2 no evidenció mejoras. Se observaron diferencias entre grupos en el postest inmediato del dolor percibido. Conclusiones: La PS sobre PGM latentes del músculo gastrocnemio disminuye el dolor percibido al menos 48 h, no obteniendo cambios significativos sobre la TNA medida mediante test de Slump

Objective: To determine the effect of dry needling (DN) in the myofascial trigger points (MTrP) of the gastrocnemius muscle on adverse neural tension (ANT) and perceived pain. Material and methods: 50 adults were selected for the study. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, we obtained a final sample of 45. They were randomly assigned to group 1 or experimental (n = 23, mean age: 22.41 ± 1.53) and group 2 or control (n = 22, mean age: 21.15 ± 1.34). Once allocated and confirmed by the blind assessor, deep dry needling technique on the MTrP was applied. For group 2 the same needle was used, differing in shrinkage capacity therefore without perforating the skin. The ANT was assessed using the Slump neurodynamic test and perceived pain by visual analogue scale (VAS) just before (pre-test) and in two subsequent times (immediately and 48hours). The data were processed with SPSS version 19.0. Results: We observed statistically significant differences (P < .05) in group 1 between pretest and immediate posttest and between immediate and delayed post-test (48 hours) for the variable ANT. The perceived pain showed statistically significant differences between the pretest and the two later time points (P < .001), while group 2 showed no improvement. Differences between groups were observed in the immediate posttest perceived pain. Conclusions: The dry needling in the MTrP latent on gastrocnemius muscle decreases perceived pain at least 48 hours, not getting on the ANT significant changes measured by Slump test

Aumento de la extensibilidad isquiotibial tras aplicar elongación muscular eléctrica / Hamstring extensibility increase after applying electrical muscular elongation

Objetivo Conocer el efecto inmediato de la elongación muscular eléctrica por medio de corrientes interferenciales sobre la amplitud articular en sujetos con cortedad isquiotibial. Material y método Se realizó una valoración inicial (pretest) y final (postest) en donde la variable sometida a estudio fue la amplitud articular. Los test aplicados fueron el test de elevación de la pierna recta (EPR) y test de ángulo poplíteo (TAP). Se empleó una corriente interferencial bipolar con una modulación de la amplitud de la frecuencia de 100Hz y una frecuencia portadora de 4Khz.ResultadosSe obtuvieron mejoras estadísticamente significativas en la extensibilidad isquiosural tras aplicar elongación muscular eléctrica para ambos test angulares (p≤0,0001), siendo el tamaño efecto de R2=0,833 para TAP y de R2=0,752 para EPR. Conclusiones La aplicación de elongación muscular mediante corrientes interferenciales logra un aumento inmediato en la extensibilidad de la musculatura isquiosural tras ser medida con EPR y TAP(AU)

Objective To determine the immediate effect of electrical muscle elongation interferential currents through joint range of subjects with hamstring shortness. Material and method We performed an initial (pre-test) and final (post-test) assessment where the variable under study was the joint range. The tests applied were the straight leg raise test (SLR) and passive knee extension test (PKE). We used a bipolar interferential current with an amplitude modulation frequency of 100Hz and 4kHz carrier frequency. Results Statistically significant improvements were obtained in hamstring extensibility after applying electrical muscle elongation angle for both test (p ≤ 0.0001), with effect size for PKE of R2=0.833 and of R2=0.752 and for SLR. Conclusions The use of muscle elongation by interferential currents achieved an immediate increase in hamstring muscle extensibility after being measured by SLR and PKE (AU)

Effectiveness of early intervention in hydrotherapy

Objetivo Valorar la eficacia de la hidroterapia en atención temprana. Estrategia de búsqueda Revisión sistemática en bases de datos PEDro, PubMed, Enfispo, Dialnet, IME (índice médico español), Science Direct e Isi Web Of Knowledge mediante términos Mesh y el operador lógico AND, así como una búsqueda bibliográfica manual. Selección de estudios y datos Fueron seleccionados 5 artículos que cumplían los criterios de inclusión y exclusión establecidos. Resultados Todos los estudios cuantificaron una mejora tras la intervención, ya fuese en variables fisiológicas, en el comportamiento o en la movilidad funcional; sin embargo, la calidad metodológica era escasa, siendo dos de ellos estudios de un solo caso, otros dos presentaban un tamaño muestral superior pero sin grupo control y un quinto estudio carecía de muestra aleatoria. Conclusiones Son necesarios estudios de mayor calidad metodológica que permitan evidenciar los efectos reales producidos por la hidroterapia en este ámbito (AU)

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of hydrotherapy in early intervention. Search strategy A systematic review was made in the PEDro database, PubMed, Enfispo, Dialnet, IME (Spanish Medical Index), Science Direct and ISI Web of Knowledge using Mesh terms and the logical AND as well as a manual literature search. Study selection and data We selected five articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria established. Results All studies quantified improvement after surgery, either in physiological variables, in behavior or functional mobility. However, the methodological quality was poor, two of them being study of only one cases, and two others had a larger sample size but with no control group. A fifth study lacked a random sample. Conclusions More studies having better methodological quality are needed to make it possible to see the real effects produced by hydrotherapy in this setting (AU)

Efectos del vendaje neuromuscular (kinesiotaping) en el síndrome del supraespinoso / Kinesio taping effects of the supraspinatus syndrome

El objetivo principal de este trabajo es conocer la eficacia del vendaje neuromuscular en un deportista de élite con síndrome del supraespinoso respecto a otros tratamientos conservadores en los que no se aplica. Se ha realizado una valoración inicial (pretest) y final (postest) en donde las variables sometidas a estudio fueron el dolor, la amplitud articular del hombro, la fuerza muscular y el índice de esfuerzo percibido. Los tratamientos aplicados con duración de 3 semanas se dividen en dos fases: fase 1, termoterapia de alta frecuencia, ultrasonidos y masoterapia, y fase 2, el tratamiento anterior combinado con la técnica de vendaje neuromuscular. Los resultados indican una reducción del dolor en ambas fases (mayor en la fase 2) y aumento y estabilización en cantidad y/o calidad de la movilidad glenohumeral en la fase 2. El vendaje neuromuscular podría considerarse una técnica complementaria al tratamiento conservador ya que podría reducir el dolor y mejorar la movilidad articular (AU)

The main objective of this work is to determine the effectiveness of kinesio taping in an elite athlete with supraspinatus syndrome compared to other conservative treatments in which this Taping was not used. An initial assessment (pretest) and final assessment (posttest) were carried out in which the variables studied were pain, shoulder range of motion, muscle strength and the Perceived Exertion Index. The treatments were applied for three weeks and were divided into two phases: Phase 1, high frequency thermotherapy, ultrasound and massage therapy and phase 2, previous treatment combined with the kinesio taping technique. The results indicate a reduction in pain in both phases (higher in phase 2) and an increase as well as stabilization in quantity and/or quality of glenohumeral mobility in phase 2. Kinesio taping can be considered a complementary technique to the conservative treatment as it may reduce pain and improve joint mobility (AU)

Importancia de la presencia de os peroneum y el síndrome de fricción en el diagnóstico diferencial de la tendinopatía peronea / Importance of the presence of os peroneum and the friction syndrome in the differential diagnosis of peroneal tendinopathy

El objetivo de nuestro estudio se centra en describir la relación entre la presencia de os peroneum y el desarrollo de tendinopatía peronea causada por la existencia de un síndrome de fricción entre el hueso sesamoideo y el músculo peroneo lateral largo. El sujeto estudio fue un joven deportista que padece dolor difuso tipo quemazón en la parte lateral de la pierna derecha. El diagnóstico diferencial mediante radiografía oblicua y dorsoplantar confirma la presencia de os peroneum. La valoración se realiza comparativamente tras el tratamiento conservador y quirúrgico, midiendo el dolor mediante la escala visual analógica, la amplitud articular a la eversión del pie mediante goniometría manual y la funcionalidad mediante el índice de esfuerzo percibido tras realizar el test 6 minutos de marcha y la escala de valoración funcional AOFAS. Como resultados, destacamos la reducción del dolor y la readaptación a la práctica deportiva sin secuelas tras la cirugía (AU)

This study has focused on describing the relationship between the presence of Os peroneum and the development of peroneal tendinopathy caused by the existence of a friction syndrome between the sesamoid bone and the peroneus longus muscle. The subject studied was a young athlete who has diffuse burning pain in the side of the right leg. The differential diagnosis through dorsoplantar oblique radiography confirmed the presence of Os peroneum. Evaluation was made comparatively after conservative and surgical treatment through the measurement of pain with the Visual Analog Scale, the eversion range of motion of the foot using the manual goniometry and functionality using the Perceived Stress Index after the test 6 minute walking test and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) functional rating scale. As a result, we emphasize the reduction of pain and rehabilitation to sports activity without sequelae after surgery (AU)

Uso de fármacos como posibles miméticos de los efectos del ejercicio físico / Use of drugs as possible mimetics of the effects of physical exercise

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Análisis y tratamiento de las barreras motrices de la cadera según el concepto Sohier. A propósito de un caso / Analysis and treatment of motor barriers of the hip according to the sohier method. A case report

El objetivo del trabajo se basa en comparar la eficacia del tratamiento mediante fisioterapia, ejercicios isométricos y técnicas analíticas según el concepto Sohier en la articulación coxofemoral, respecto a la fisioterapia sin emplear rearmonizaciones en un paciente con rotura fibrilar recidivante del recto anterior. El sujeto de estudio fue un futbolista profesional de 33 años al que se le valoró el dolor, antes y después de las dos fases de que consta el tratamiento, mediante la Escala Visual Analógica (EVA), la amplitud articular de la cadera derecha mediante goniómetro manual de dos ramas y el índice de esfuerzo percibido (IEP) mediante la escala adaptada del índice de esfuerzo percibido para los músculos activos (Borg¿s RPE Scale). Como resultados destacamos la reducción del dolor en ambas fases (mayor en la fase 2) y aumento y estabilización en cantidad y/o calidad de la movilidad coxofemoral en la fase 2(AU)

This work has aimed to compare the effectiveness of treatment through physical therapy, isometric exercises and analytical techniques according to the Sohier method in the hip joint compared with physical therapy without using resets in a patient with recurrent muscle fiber strain of the rectus femoris. The study subject was a 33-year old professional football player who was studied prior to and following the two treatment phases. The study included pain with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), amplitude of the right hip joint through two manual goniometer arms and the Borg's perceived exertion scale (PES), using the modified rate of perceived exertion scale for active muscles (Borg's RPE Scale). Standing out among the results are reduction of pain in both phases (higher in phase 2) and increase and stabilization in quantity or quality of hip mobility in phase 2(AU)

Repercusión del tratamiento fisioterápico en los tratamientos quirúrgicos de alargamiento óseo. A propósito de un caso / Impact of physiotherapy in the surgical treatment of bone lengthening. A case report

La incidencia de las complicaciones derivadas de los alargamientos óseos cada vez supone menos en la recuperación íntegra de estos pacientes gracias al abordaje multidisciplinar que reciben, siendo la fisioterapia un elemento clave. El objetivo del estudio es conocer los efectos beneficiosos que logra la fisioterapia en procesos de alargamientos óseos en relación con la amplitud articular y al tono muscular, así como en la prevención de complicaciones a propósito de un caso. Nuestra paciente, diagnosticada de dismetría de miembros inferiores, se somete a elongación tibial mediante una distracción progresiva a partir de fijadores externos distractores. El seguimiento realizado valoró la amplitud articular mediante goniometría manual, tono muscular mediante la escala de Daniels, existencia de linfedema y longitud del miembro mediante cinta métrica y el dolor percibido mediante escala visual analógica. Como resultados, destacamos la ganancia completa del rango articular y la prevención del equinismo y linfedema secundario(AU)

The incidence of complications of bone lengthening is increasingly less in the full recovery of these patients thanks to the multidisciplinary approach received, physiotherapy being a key element. This study has aimed to determine the beneficial effects achieved by physiotherapy in bone lengthening procedures in relationship to range of motion and muscle tone and in the prevention of complications based on a case report. Our patient who was diagnosed with lower limb dysmetria underwent tibial lengthening by gradual distraction from distracting external fixator. The monitoring performed evaluated joint range by means of manual goniometry, muscle tone scale by the Daniels scale, existence of lymphedema and limb length by measuring tape and perceived pain by the Visual Analog Scale. Standing out among the results are the full gain of joint range and prevention of equinus and secondary lymphedema(AU)